ʻIke nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā hōʻike o 187 mau kauoha taxonomic i 20 lita o ka wai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai kekahi o nā kaiapuni ʻoi loa ma ka Honua.
Ua hoʻohana kekahi hui ʻepekema i alakaʻi ʻia e ka Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) a me Appalachian State University i ka DNA kaiapuni (eDNA) e palapala i ka biodiversity alpine o ka mauna kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua, ʻo ia ka 29,032-kapuai (8,849 mika) ākea mauna Everest. ʻO kēia hana koʻikoʻi he ʻāpana o ka 2019 National Geographic a me Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition, ka huakaʻi ʻepekema Everest nui loa.
Ma ke kākau ʻana e pili ana i kā lākou ʻike ma ka puke pai ʻo iScience, ua hōʻiliʻili ka hui i ka eDNA mai nā laʻana wai mai nā loko he ʻumi a me nā kahawai ma ka hohonu mai 14,763 kapuaʻi (4,500 mika) a 18,044 kapuaʻi (5,500 mika) i ʻehā pule. Aia kēia mau wahi i nā wahi o nā kāʻei alpine e noho ana ma luna o ka lāʻau a loaʻa i nā ʻano mea kanu pua a me nā ʻano kumu lāʻau, a me nā kāʻei aeolian e hoʻonui i nā mea kanu pua a me nā kumu lāʻau i uka o ka biosphere. Ua ʻike lākou i nā mea ola no nā kauoha ʻauhau 187 mai 20 lita wale nō o ka wai, e like me 16.3%, a i ʻole hoʻokahi hapaono, o ka huina o nā kauoha i ʻike ʻia ma ka lāʻau o ke ola, ka lāʻau ʻohana o ka honua.
ʻImi ʻo eDNA i ka nui o nā mea genetic i waiho ʻia e nā mea ola a me nā holoholona hihiu a hāʻawi i kahi ala ʻoi aku ka kūʻai aku, wikiwiki a piha hoʻi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hiki ke noiʻi no ka loiloi ʻana i ka biodiversity i loko o ka wai. ʻOhi ʻia nā laʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pahu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi kānana e paʻa ana i nā mea genetic, a laila nānā ʻia i loko o kahi keʻena me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka metabarcoding DNA a me nā ʻenehana hoʻonohonoho ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻo WCS i ka eDNA no ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano laha ʻole a make mai nā kohola humpback a i nā honu softshell Swinhoe, kekahi o nā ʻano laha loa ma ka Honua.
Heat map of sequence reads of bacteria identified and classified in taxonomic order using SingleM and the Greengenes database from each site.
ʻOiai ua kālele ka noiʻi ʻana o Everest i ka ʻike ʻana i ka pae hoʻonohonoho, ua hiki i ka hui ke ʻike i nā meaola he nui a hiki i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka pae ʻano.
No ka laʻana, ua ʻike ka hui i nā rotifers a me nā tardigrades, ʻelua mau holoholona liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia e ulu aʻe i kekahi o nā kaiapuni koʻikoʻi a ʻoi loa a manaʻo ʻia kekahi o nā holoholona ʻoi loa i ʻike ʻia ma ka Honua. Eia kekahi, ua ʻike lākou i ka moa hau Tibetan i loaʻa ma ka Sagarmatha National Park a ua kāhāhā lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i nā ʻano like me nā ʻīlio a me nā moa e hōʻike ana i ka hopena o nā hana kanaka ma ka ʻāina.
Ua loaʻa pū iā lākou nā lāʻau paina e loaʻa wale ana ma nā ʻaoʻao puʻu mamao loa mai kahi a lākou i hoʻohālike ai, e hōʻike ana i ka holo kiʻekiʻe o ka pollen i puhi ʻia e ka makani i loko o kēia mau kahawai. ʻO kekahi mea ola i loaʻa iā lākou ma kekahi mau wahi, ʻo ia ka mayfly, kahi hōʻailona kaulana o ka loli kaiapuni.
E kōkua ana ka eDNA inventory i ka biomonitoring o nā Himalayas kiʻekiʻe a me nā haʻawina molecular retrospective no ka loiloi ʻana i nā loli i ka wā e like me ka hoʻomehana ʻana o ke aniau, ka hoʻoheheʻe glacier a me nā hopena kanaka e hoʻololi i kēia kaiaola kaulana kaulana i ka honua.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kauka Tracey Seimon o ka WCS Animal Health Program, ke alakaʻi pū o ka hui Everest Biofield a me ka mea noiʻi alakaʻi: "He nui nā mea olaola. ʻO ke kaiapuni alpine, me ka mauna ʻo Everest, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka nānā mau ʻana o ka alpine biodiversity, me ka nānā ʻana i ka bioclimatic a me ka loiloi i ka hopena o ke aniau. ”
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Dr Marisa Lim o ka Wildlife Conservation Society: “Ua hele mākou i ka hale o ka honua e ʻimi i ke ola. Eia ka mea i loaa ia makou. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i pau ka moʻolelo ma laila. kōkua i ka ʻike i ka wā e hiki mai ana. "
ʻO ka luna hoʻomalu noiʻi kahua, ka mea noiʻi National Geographic a me ke Kauka Hoʻohui ma ke Kulanui o Appalachian State ʻO Kauka Anton Simon i ʻōlelo: "He kenekulia i hala aku nei, i ka nīnau ʻana, 'No ke aha e hele ai i Everest?', pane maila ka mea piʻi Pelekane ʻo George Mallory, 'No ka mea aia ma laila. He ʻokoʻa loa ka manaʻo o kā mākou hui 2019: hele mākou i Mount Everest no ka mea he ʻike a hiki ke aʻo iā mākou e pili ana i ka honua a mākou e noho nei.
Ma ka hoʻolako ʻana i kēia ʻikepili i wehe ʻia i ke kaiāulu noiʻi, manaʻolana nā mea kākau e hāʻawi i ka hoʻoikaika mau ʻana e kūkulu i nā kumuwaiwai molekala e noiʻi a nānā i nā loli o ke olaola ma nā mauna kiʻekiʻe o ka Honua.
Manaʻo ʻatikala: Lim et al., E hoʻohana ana i ka DNA kaiapuni e loiloi i ka ʻano like ʻole o ka lāʻau o ke ola ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o mauna Everest, iScience (2022) Marisa KV Lim, 1Anton Seimon, 2Batya Nightingale, 1Charles SI Xu, 3Stefan RP Holloy, 4Adam J. Solon, 5Nicholas B. Dragon, 5Steven K. Schmidt, 5Alex Tate, 6Sandra Alvin, 6Aurora K. Elmore,6,7 a me Tracey A. Simon1,8,
1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY 10460, USA 2 Appalachian State University, Department of Geography and Planning, Boone, NC 28608, USA 3 McGill University, Redpath Department of Museums and Biology, Montreal, H3A 0G4 , CanadaQ94 Department of Primary Industries, Wellington 6011, New Zealand 5 University of Colorado, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Boulder, CO 80309, USA 6 National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, 20036, USAQ107 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Silver- Puna, MD 20910, USA 8 Lead Contact* Communications
Misiona: Mālama ʻo WCS i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā holoholona hihiu a puni ka honua ma o ka ʻepekema, nā hana mālama, ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā kānaka e mahalo i ke ʻano. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā mākou misionari, hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo WCS ma Bronx Zoo, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mana piha o kāna papahana mālama honua, i kipa ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e 4 miliona mau kānaka ma kahi kokoke i 60 mau ʻāina a me nā moana āpau o ka honua, a me ʻelima mau paka holoholona hihiu ma New. Ioka. Hoʻohui pū ʻo WCS i kāna ʻike i nā zoos a me nā aquarium e hoʻokō i kāna misionari mālama. E kipa: newsroom.wcs.org E hahai: @WCSNewsroom. No ka 'ike hou aku: 347-840-1242. E hoʻolohe i ka WCS Wild Audio podcast ma aneʻi.
Ma ke ʻano he ʻoihana aupuni mua loa ma ka Hikina Hema, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Appalachian State University i nā haumāna e ola i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā ola ma ke ʻano he kamaʻāina honua i maopopo a lawe i ke kuleana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana no nā mea āpau. Hoʻoulu ka ʻike ʻo Appalachian i ka ʻuhane o ka hoʻopili ʻana ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā poʻe i nā ala hoʻoikaika e loaʻa a hana i ka ʻike, ulu holoʻokoʻa, hana me ka makemake a me ka manaʻo paʻa, a apo i ka ʻokoʻa a me ka ʻokoʻa. ʻO nā Appalachian, aia ma Blue Ridge Mountains, ʻo ia kekahi o 17 mau kahua hoʻomoana ma ka ʻōnaehana University of North Carolina. Me ka aneane 21,000 mau haumāna, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke Kulanui ʻo Appalachian a hāʻawi ʻia ma luna o 150 mau papahana lae a me nā papahana puka.
Kākoʻo ka hui pū ʻana o National Geographic me Rolex i nā huakaʻi e ʻimi i nā wahi koʻikoʻi loa o ka honua. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka ʻike ʻepekema kaulana a me ka ʻenehana hou e wehe i nā ʻike hou i nā ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi i ke ola ma ka Honua, kōkua kēia mau huakaʻi i nā ʻepekema, nā mea hana kulekele a me nā kaiāulu kūloko e hoʻolālā a loaʻa nā hopena i nā hopena o ke aniau. Ke loli nei ke kaiapuni, e haʻi ana i nā mea kupanaha o ko kākou honua ma o nā moʻolelo ikaika.
Ma kahi kokoke i hoʻokahi haneli, ua kākoʻo ʻo Rolex i nā mea ʻimi paionia e ʻimi nei e pana i nā palena o ka hiki ke kanaka. Ua neʻe ka hui mai ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka noiʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka pale ʻana i ka honua ma o ka hana ʻana i kahi kūpaʻa lōʻihi i ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā poʻe a me nā hui e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻepekema e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻomohala i nā hopena i nā pilikia kaiapuni o kēia lā.
Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia kēia hana me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Forever Planet i 2019, ka mea i hoʻomaka mua i ka poʻe e hāʻawi i kahi honua maikaʻi aʻe ma o ka Rolex Awards for Enterprise, pale i ka moana ma o ka hui pū ʻana me Mission Blue, a hoʻololi i ke aniau i mea maoli. ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāna pilina me ka National Geographic Society.
ʻO ka waihona hoʻonui o nā hui like ʻole i hāpai ʻia ma lalo o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o Perpetual Planet i kēia manawa e komo pū ana: nā huakaʻi polar e hoʻokau i nā palena o ka ʻimi ʻana i lalo o ka wai; Hoʻokahi Ocean Foundation a me Menkab e pale ana i nā ʻano olaola cetacean ma ke Kaiwaenahonua; ʻO Xunaan-Ha Expedition e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai ma Yucatan, Mexico; ʻO ka huakaʻi BIG i ka Arctic i 2023 e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili i nā hoʻoweliweli Arctic; Hearts In The Ice, e hōʻiliʻili pū i ka ʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau ma ka Arctic; a me ka Monaco Blue Initiative, e hui pū ana i nā poʻe akamai i nā ʻōnaehana mālama kai.
Kākoʻo pū ʻo Rolex i nā hui a me nā hana e hānai i ka hanauna hou o nā mea ʻimi, ʻepekema a me nā mea mālama mālama ma o nā haʻawina a me nā haʻawina e like me ka World Underwater Scholarship Association a me ka Rolex Explorers Club Grant.
ʻO ka National Geographic Society kahi hui waiwai ʻole honua e hoʻohana ana i ka mana o ka ʻepekema, noiʻi, hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka moʻolelo e hoʻomālamalama a pale i nā mea kupanaha o ko mākou honua. Mai ka makahiki 1888, ua hoʻoikaika ʻo National Geographic i nā palena o ka noiʻi ʻana, e hoʻokomo i nā talena wiwo ʻole a me nā manaʻo transformative, e hāʻawi ana ma mua o 15,000 mau haʻawina hana ma nā ʻāina ʻehiku, hiki i 3 miliona mau haumāna i kēlā me kēia makahiki me nā haʻawina hoʻonaʻauao, a hopu i ka manaʻo o ka honua ma o nā pūlima. , moʻolelo a maʻiʻo. No ka ʻike hou aku, e kipa www.nationalgeographic.org a i ʻole e hahai mai iā mākou ma Instagram, Twitter a me Facebook.
Misiona: Mālama ʻo WCS i nā holoholona hihiu a me nā holoholona hihiu a puni ka honua ma o ka ʻepekema, nā hana mālama, ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā kānaka e mahalo i ke ʻano. Ma muli o ka Bronx Zoo, hoʻohana ʻo WCS i ka mana piha o kāna papahana mālama honua no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna misionari, me 4 miliona mau malihini kipa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi kokoke i 60 mau ʻāina a me nā moana āpau o ka honua, a me ʻelima mau paka holoholona hihiu ma New York City. Hoʻohui pū ʻo WCS i kāna ʻike i nā zoos a me nā aquarium e hoʻokō i kāna misionari mālama. E kipa i ka newsroom.wcs.org. Kau inoa: @WCSNewsroom. ʻIke hou aku: +1 (347) 840-1242.
ʻO ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu iā SpaceRef, lālā o ka Explorers Club, ex-NASA, ka hui kipa, ka mea kākau moʻolelo, ka lewa a me ka astrobiologist, ʻaʻole hiki ke piʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-10-2022